MAU DISTRICT ( U.P )

HISTORY

Many myth are popular regarding history of MAU district, .In common opinion MAU is considered as Turkish word , which means "GARH" , "PADAV" , "CHAVANI" . No historical records are available regarding habitance of Mau. A little description is given in the historical book of Jiyaudeen Barni that Akbar the Great passed through Mau, in its way towards Allahabad. During his reign Sher Shah Suri, the famous emperor who had defeated Mughals, visited Kolhuvavan (Madhuban) to meet the great sufi saint Syed Ahmad Wadva. Mahvani, one of the daughters of Sher Shah was settled permanently near the dargah of Syed Sahab . Various developmental works were undertaken by Sher Shah during his reign for economic development of the Mau region. During the construction of Military Base & Shahi Masque, a large number of labourer & artisans came with Mughal Army. The labourer force includes a large number of Artisans , Weavers etc. Who originally belongs to Iran, Afganistan & Turki. They settled here permanently. 

During the period of Freedom Struggle the residents of Mau had given their full support to the movment. Mahatma Gandhi came here in Doharighat on 3rd october 1939. In salt law breaking movement many persons of Mau had actively taken part,some of them are as follows : Umrav Singh , Shiv Saran Rai, Satrai Singh , Haidwar Singh, Kalpnath Shukl, Ram chandra Pandey,Krishna Madhav Lal, Ibrahim Khan,Vishwanath Prasad,Ram Palat Rai,Sita Ram Arya, Ram Davar Singh, Mangala Rai, Nana Saheb Marwari, Dalsingar Pandey, Chotu Ram,Gaya Prasad,Raj Daras Rai, Ram Dev Rai, Raj Narayan Rai, Jaganath Prasad, Chikaru Rai,Mahesh Rai,Bhagirath Rai etc. In 1938 Jai Bahadur Singh had looted the train in piprideeh with his mates Krishna Dev Rai , Jamin Ali , Udai Narayan Dubey , Keshav Shukla , Beekeshvar Dutt , Jaganath Mishra,Tej Pratap Singh. During 1942 Quit India Movement the mob was collected against the outrage of Madhuban Police Station Officer ; Collector Navlate was present there,he ordered to fire on the mob. Many persons were killed & injured on spot. In memory of shaheed of above said event a monument was built on the same place in Madhuban.  

On 19th November. 1988 it was made district, largerly due to the effort of Late Kalpnath Rai , who was M. P. from Ghosi Parliamentary seat. The local language of Mau is peculiar in its flavour , it includes the slang of Bhojpuri Persian, Turkish & Irani. The main Industrial setup here is of cloth making by powerloom due to presence of a large number of weavers in the district . Sari, Lungi & other clothes being prepared here nowadays and are exported to various states of India and also to various countries.

GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE 

Mau(Mau nath Bhanjan) is situated on the fertile plains of the Ganges–Ghaghara doab. It lies between 83° 17’ to 84° 52' East & 24° 47' to 26°17' North. At its north, Ghaghara river is on the border, Ghazipur district is on the south, Ballia district is on the east & Azamgarh district is on the west side. This district represents geographical characteristics of mid Gangetic plain. "Khachari" and "Khadar" are types of soil found in the areas of north of Azamgarh - Ballia Road. In some high places "Bangar" soil is also found. In the southern part of the district, river flow is absent, due to which that area has Bangar type of soil, which is not fertile. The river system of the district is dominated by the Tons River and its tributary Choti Sarju. The Ghaghara River forms the northern border of the district.

The main means of irrigation in the district are tubewells. Ponds are used mainly for fishing and bird sanctuary purposes. In Mau "Pakari Piua" pond have 1.7 km breadth width="50" and 32 km length. It also has two big ponds (Tal)one Ratoy tal near Madhuban and Garha tal near Ratanpura. But no any techncal insitute no any science college this is big issue for mau people . pls see about mau, Ground water can be obtained from 15 to 20 meters depth. Ground water is used for drinking purposes. Farmers use tubewell for irrigation purposes.

Ghosi is the main town of mau district. sarvodaya inter college is a famous college in the city many professionals are the alumni of the college. Opposite to sarvodaya is Adam Public Convent School, one of the oldest English medium school of the area established by the family of earstwhile zamindars of ghosi. This school was founded around 30 years back and has produced a number of successful professionals of different fields. Most remarkably the founders of this school have free of cost educated a large number children who could not afford to pay. Rajesh Kumar a reknowed professional in sugar & alcohol industry also belongs to the district.in medical field it has second position after varanasi.here so many specialist in particularised body part.in such way FATIMA hospital is a live example for people.

Forest Area in MAU District

Aarea of the Mau district is 1716 sq. Km., out of which 1sq. km Dense, 15 sq km moderately desne, 17 sq. km open forest. Total 1.92% area is covered by forest in Mau Districts of Uttar Pradesh. There are following type of tree available in this forest, some are Aam,Sisam, Mahua,Babul, Nim, Ukliptus & Plas etc. district mau is very less cover area of forest.

Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM) was established at Kushmaur, Mau through a funded project sponsored by the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture (Government of India) in the IX Plan in 2001 under the auspices of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). The basic goal of the Bureau is to promote and coordinate systematic and scientific research in the area of agriculturally important microorganisms (AIMs) in order to improve the agricultural productivity

Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi established two institutes dedicated to research on microorganisms (NBAIM) and for quality seed (DSR) at Kushmaur, Mau .